کاتالیست چیست؟ چگونه کار میکند؟

You must have heard the name of car catalyst by now. But you may not know much about how it works, how to diagnose the functionality and where to install it.

Therefore, in this article, we intend to fully introduce this sensitive piece. Catalytic converter or car catalyst is a very sensitive part that plays an important role in reducing pollution caused by fuel combustion of internal combustion engines. But in order to introduce this part, it is better to first get acquainted with car exhaust and its various parts.

What is exhaust and what is its function?

Exhaust is a relatively long part in the car that is responsible for transferring the exhaust gases from the engine cylinder. Exhausts in the past consisted of two different parts, the first part was to reduce the temperature and the second part was prepared to reduce noise pollution. But today, a third part has been added to the exhaust and has the serious task of reducing pollution. This is exactly where the catalyst is installed as a toxic to non-toxic gas converter.

As mentioned, today’s exhausts are equipped with a third section to reduce environmental pollution. In this part, a part called catalyst is installed, which converts toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides created by the combustion of fuel inside the cylinder into safe and non-toxic gases in a chemical process. The catalyst also converts nitric oxide, which is a toxic substance, to nitrogen gas, which is a harmless gas.

What is a catalyst? how it works?

Catalysts are composed of a snuff-like structure made of precious metals such as rhodium, palladium and platinum, so that when gases escape through this snuff-shaped structure, more contact surface is created so that the chemical process can be carried out in the best possible way. But catalysts need a very high temperature of about 800 to 900 degrees Celsius to create a chemical process, so the installation site is located right at the beginning of the exhaust and just after the exhaust manifold to the same heat from combustion, Reach the desired temperature. It is noteworthy that the catalyst converts up to 90% of toxic gases into non-toxic gases. And plays an effective role in preventing air pollution.

The useful life of the car catalyst

What is a catalyst? how it works? The catalyst is a consumable part and its useful life ends after a certain period of time. Because catalysts vary depending on the type of fuel used. The useful life of this part varies in diesel and gasoline cars. But the catalyst life of gasoline vehicles is estimated at about 4 years or 80,000 kilometers. After this period, its efficiency will decrease over time. But you should know that many factors are involved in the premature destruction of this snuff-shaped piece. Which we will deal with in the following. It is worth mentioning that in case of failure or expiration of the useful life of this part, the environmental pollution of the car will increase up to 5 times.

Signs of Catalyst or Exhaust Catalyst Failure, Catalyst Use History in Car